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Time-Inconsistent Singular Control Problems with a Running Minimum Process
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.19914v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper develops a time-inconsistent and path-dependent singular control framework incorporating a running minimum process. We derive a verification theorem that characterizes equilibria under substantially weaker regularity conditions than those imposed in the existing literature, and we obtain a stronger notion of equilibrium by enlarging the class of feasible perturbations. We first....
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arXiv:2605.20039v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We give a complete constructive description of all finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras of smooth vector fields in three variables, including intransitive algebras. The description is organized by the rank and dimension of the center, which serves as the key invariant. Since every nonabelian solvable algebra lives in the normalizer of a nilpotent algebra, our normal forms provide the..
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An axiomatic framework from splitting and merging in MAT-labeled graphs, vines, and single-peaked domains
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.20629v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In recent work (Forum Math. Sigma, 2024), we established a correspondence between MAT-labeled graphs arising from hyperplane arrangements and regular vines from probability theory. In this paper, we extend this connection to Arrow's single-peaked domains in social choice theory. We show that MAT-labeled complete graphs, regular vines, and maximal Arrow's single-peaked domains arise from t....
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Generalized Fermat equation over cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_l$-extensions of totally real fields
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.20860v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Let $K$ be a totally real number field of odd degree in which $2$ is inert. Let $l \geq 5$ be a prime with $l \nmid [K:\mathbb{Q}]$ and $\gcd(\frac{l-1}{2}, [K:\mathbb{Q}])=1$. We prove that if $2$ is inert in $K$, $l$ is non-Wieferich, i.e., $2^{l-1} \not\equiv 1 \pmod{l^2}$, and $l$ is totally ramified in $K$, then the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem holds over each $n$-th layer $K_{n,....
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arXiv:2605.20945v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A group is self-simulable if all its computable actions admit SFT covers, which means roughly that they can be implemented with finitely many tiling constraints. We prove that a graph product of infinite finitely-generated groups is self-simulable if and only if its defining graph has no disconnecting clique consisting of amenable groups. In particular, a right-angled Artin group (a.k.a.\..
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Composite B-Spline Current Deposition and Interpolation Operators for Thin-Wire Finite-Difference Time-Domain Simulations
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.21450v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Holland-Simpson thin-wire finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of obliquely oriented closed-loop antennas exhibit persistent low-frequency parasitic currents because the current-deposition operator fails to conserve charge. This deposition operator, together with an interpolation operator that samples the tangential electric field along the wire, can be realized as regularizat....
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Blow-up for a Semilinear Tricomi-type Equation with Scale-Invariant Mass in the Oscillatory Regime
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.21769v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate the finite-time blow-up of solutions to a Tricomi-type equation with scale-invariant potential and power nonlinearities in the oscillatory regime. For smooth, compactly supported, nonnegative initial data, we prove nonexistence of global-in-time solutions when the power nonlinearity lies below the positive root of an explicit Strauss-type polynomial naturally associated wit....
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Integer Knot Invariants: Inequalities, Computations, and Open Problems
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.22652v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study inequalities between integer-valued knot invariants arising from classical knot theory, four-dimensional topology, knot homologies, and knot polynomials. We present a directed graph consisting of 46 inequalities between 33 knot invariants. Using these inequalities together with parity constraints, we construct and propagate a database NewDB, for knots up to 13 crossings, extendin..
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arXiv:2605.22745v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We develop a first and second fundamental theorem for $n$--tuples of bosonic and fermionic matrices, by developing graded analogues of the classical case.
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On the Harris-Viehmann conjecture for Hodge-Newton reducible local Shimura data of abelian type
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.24148v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We address a new case of the Harris-Viehmann conjecture, which establishes a parabolic induction formula on the cohomology groups associated to non-basic local Shimura data. It follows that all supercuspidal representations on a Shimura variety are concentrated along the basic locus, making the conjecture relevant to the Langlands program. Historically, many cases of the Harris-Viehmann c..
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The limits of Schur multipliers in P\'olya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.24349v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper studies generalized P\'olya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent. We establish a sharp threshold governing the transition from low-dimensional algebraic flexibility to higher-dimensional combinatorial rigidity. For $n \ge 3$ and $q \ne \pm 1$, we prove that the $q$-permanent is not linearly convertible to the determinant or permanent. Conversely, we completely classify the....
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Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.24511v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pipedreams and bumpless pipedreams are two combinatorial models that compute double Grothendieck polynomials. While studying matrix Schubert varieties, Pechen Pipedreams and marked bumpless pipedreams are two combinatorial models that compute double Grothendieck polynomials. While studying matrix Schubert varieties, Pechenik, Speyer, and Weigandt defined the Rajchgot code, denoted by $\ma..
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On strong spaceability of continuous functions and fractal dimensions
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.25037v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Given $s\in(1,2]$, define $$H_s[0,1]=\{f\in C[0,1]:{\dim}_HG_f([0,1])=s\}$$ and $$\overline{B}_s[0,1]=\{f\in C[0,1]:\overline{{\dim}}_BG_f([0,1])=s\}.$$ The main goal of this paper is to study the $(\alpha,\beta)$-lineability/spaceability of the sets $H_s[0,1]$ and $\overline{B}_s[0,1]$. As a principal result, we prove that $H_s[0,1]$ is $(p,\mathfrak{c})$-spaceable for $p=1,2$ and also $..
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Sharp non-uniqueness of weak solutions to 2D magnetohydrodynamic equations
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.25097v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we prove that weak solutions to the 2D viscous and resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are non-unique in $L^2_t L^p(\mathbb{R}^2) \cap L^1_t W^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for given any $1\le p<\infty$, showing the sharpness of the Ladyzhenskaya--Prodi--Serrin condition at the endpoint $(2,\infty)$ and the solutions live on the borderline of the Beale--Kato--Majda criteri..
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arXiv:2605.25637v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study sharp weighted Sobolev-type inequalities of the form\[ \int_{0}^{1}|u(x)|\rho(x) \,\mathrm{d}x \leqslant \Lambda \Bigl(\int_{0}^{1}|u^{(k)}(x)|^2 \,\mathrm{d}x \Bigr)^{1/2}, \qquad u\in H_0^k(0,1), \]where $\rho$ is a non-negative weight. We characterize the minimizers and identify the optimal constant $\Lambda(k,\rho)$ by showing that every minimizer has a constant sign and..
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Fixed Point Rigidity of the Operator $\Gamma_p\Pi_p^\ast$ and the LYZ Conjecture
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.25666v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Motivated by the recent approach of Milman, Shabelman, and Yehudayoff \cite{MilmanShabelmanYehudayoff2025}, we establish, for $p>1$, a complete characterization of the fixed points of the composition of the $L_p$-centroid operator and the polar $L_p$-projection operator. More precisely, for $p>1$, we prove that if a convex body $K \in \mathcal{K}_o^n$ satisfies \[ \Gamma_p \Pi_p^* K = cK ....
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arXiv:2605.26439v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This note studies the 1D stochastic heat equation driven by a one-dimensional Brownian motion. We prove that the associated Markov process satisfies the strong Feller property under mild non-degeneracy conditions. The approach combines Malliavin calculus with the moment method from PDE control theory.
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arXiv:2605.26775v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We generalize and prove the recursive relation \[ S_{\lambda}(V) = \sum_{L\subseteq V\text{ line}} S_{\lambda}(V \mathbin{/\mkern-5mu/} L) \] conjectured by I. G. Macdonald for his "7th variation" of the Schur functions. This variation is a family of polynomials over a finite field that mimic the (straight and skew) Schur polynomials using powers of the Frobenius.
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Signed Generalized Stirling Polynomials, Nested Sums, and Hyperbolic Secant Integral Identities
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.26846v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We begin with the observation that the signed generalized Stirling polynomials $P_k(m,x)$, which occur in a generalization of Malmsten's integral, reduce to the falling factorials when $k=m$. The structure of these generalized Stirling polynomials is then used to obtain recurrence relations, gamma--polygamma formulas for the polynomials $P_{m-s}(m,x)$, a more transparent proof of a vanish....
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Absolutely indecomposable quasi-parabolic $G$-bundles and the multiplicity of irreducible characters
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.26963v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Absolutely indecomposable vector bundle and parabolic vector bundles are well-studied via quiver representations. In this paper, we study absolutely indecomposable quasi-parabolic $G$-bundles over $\mathbb{P}^1$ with generic additive character varieties. Furthermore, we give a geometric interpretation of the multiplicity of the tensor product of irreducible characters of finite reductive ..
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On matrix polynomials and the joint spectral radius over max-algebras
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.27302v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Our aim is to study matrix polynomials over max-algebras and their growth in terms of max-induced seminorms. In particular, we compare the set growth of a bounded family $\Psi$ of matrix polynomials, measured in terms of the seminorms $\eta_{\|\cdot\|}$ and $\hat{\eta}_{\|\cdot\|}$ with the induced joint spectral radius of the coefficient pool $\Psi_0$ of the matrix polynomials. Dynamics ..
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Existence and Uniqueness of Irregular Vectors of Integer and Half-Integer Ranks for the Virasoro Algebra
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.28002v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Although irregular vectors for the Virasoro algebra are widely used in modern mathematical physics, a rigorous existence and uniqueness theorem in arbitrary rank has not been available in the literature. In this paper, we develop an algebraic framework, based on Virasoro differential operators on the parameter space, which gives such a theorem for arbitrary integer and half-integer ranks.....
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Birkhoff interpolation models for optimization with some available derivatives
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.28503v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We consider interpolation-based derivative-free optimization in settings where only some derivatives are available. Such situations arise in scientific computing applications involving simulations, adjoint-enabled components, legacy software, or partially differentiable models. We introduce a Birkhoff interpolation framework that permits arbitrary patterns of derivative availability and e....
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arXiv:2605.28970v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this article, we study mixed Killing vector fields, defined by the condition $L_V L_V g = f\,L_V g$, on Cigar Ricci--Bourguignon solitons. While conformal vector fields are always mixed Killing, the converse fails in flat and open cylinders with base manifold geometries, where the mixed Killing class is infinite-dimensional. We establish a rigidity phenomenon for Cigar Ricci--Bourguign....
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Sharp threshold for Hamilton cycles in randomly perturbed sparse graphs
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.29553v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We determine the sharp threshold for Hamilton cycles in randomly perturbed sparse graphs. For any $\alpha=\alpha(n)=o(1)$, let $G_{\alpha}$ be an $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree $\delta(G_{\alpha})\ge\alpha n$. We prove that if $$p\ge(1+\varepsilon)\frac{\log(1/\alpha)}{n},$$ then the union $G_{\alpha}\cup G(n,p)$ is Hamiltonian asymptotically almost surely. This significantly streng..
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arXiv:2605.30285v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Given a finite abelian group $G$ and a Sylow $p$-subgroup $N_p$, we prove that the $KU_G/p$-local sphere spectrum is equivalent to the homotopy fixed points of a $p$-complete $KO_{N_p}$-module spectrum. Then we compute the $\mathbb{Z}$-graded homotopy Mackey functors of the $KU_G$-local sphere spectrum. This result generalizes the computation of arXiv:2303.12271 for finite $p$-groups, whe..
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Algebraic and FFT-Based Methods for Discrete-Time Matrix Convolutions with Applications to Semi-Markov Models
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.30379v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the convolution product of matrix-valued sequences and its role in the computation of Markov renewal equations. Explicit representations and recursive formulae for the convolutional inverse are derived and used to construct FFT-accelerated convolution and Newton-type inversion schemes, together with a Gauss--Jordan alternative in truncated power-series rings. The proposed framewo..
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arXiv:2605.30823v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We prove interior $C^{2}$ regularity result for convex viscosity solutions of the quadratic Hessian equation $\sigma_2(D^2u) = f(x)$, under the assumption that $f\in C^{0,1}$ with $\inf f>0$. The result is almost sharp: if $f$ are merely continuous, there exist convex viscosity solutions that fail to be $C^{1,1}$. When $f\in C^{\alpha}$ for some $\alpha\in (0,1)$, the corresponding interi..
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MATRO: Metric-Aware Trust-Region Optimization with Fully Quadratic Models
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.30845v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Model-based derivative-free trust-region methods build local interpolation models and restrict trial steps to regions where those models are reliable. This paper studies the shape of that region. When an objective is poorly scaled or locally anisotropic, a Euclidean ball can be governed by the steepest local direction and can restrict progress along directions of slow variation. We propos....
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Well-posedness and longtime behavior of the conserved Navier--Stokes--Allen--Cahn equations with unmatched viscosities and singular potential
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2605.30921v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We consider an incompressible Navier--Stokes system nonlinearly coupled with a conserved Allen--Cahn equation with a singular potential (e.g., of Flory--Huggins type). This model describes a mass-conserving two-phase flow with constant density and non-constant viscosity. First, in three spatial dimensions, we prove the existence and uniqueness of local-in-time strong solutions to the asso....
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arXiv:1708.08723v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study straight-line drawings of graphs where the vertices are placed in convex position in the plane, i.e., \emph{convex drawings}. We consider two families of graph classes with convex drawings: \emph{outer $k$-planar} graphs, where each edge is crossed by at most $k$ other edges; and \emph{outer $k$-quasi-planar} graphs, where no $k$ edges can mutually cross. We show that the ....
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arXiv:2211.04697v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Sensitivity analysis for the unconfoundedness assumption is crucial in observational studies. For this purpose, the marginal sensitivity model gained popularity recently due to good interpretability and mathematical properties. However, most existing models only consider a worst-case parameter that bounds the logit difference between the observed and full data propensity scores, whi....
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arXiv:2212.07944v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study a multi-factor block model for variable clustering and connect it to regularized subspace clustering through a distributionally robust version of nodewise regression. To solve the latter problem, we derive a convex relaxation, provide a data-driven approach for selecting the size of the robust region, and develop an ADMM algorithm for efficient implementation. We validate o..
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On Unified Adaptive Black-Litterman Mean-Variance Portfolio Management
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2307.03391v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper proposes a unified adaptive portfolio-management framework that combines factor-based view generation, Black-Litterman (BL) posterior estimation, EWMA covariance estimation, and mean-variance optimization. The key mechanism is a dynamic sliding window that adjusts the estimation horizon according to realized portfolio volatility, thereby updating factor estimates, BL post..
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Optimizing accuracy and diversity: a multi-task approach to forecast combinations
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2310.20545v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present a multi-task optimization approach based on a deep learning architecture for time series forecasting. We leverage large collections of time series to identify the weights of forecasting models that can be combined to produce forecasts for each series. This method jointly addresses two tasks: the selection of different forecasting models, and their effective combination. I....
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Tail Optimality and Performance Analysis of the Nudge*(M) Scheduling Algorithm
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2403.06588v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recently it was shown that the response time of First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) scheduling can be stochastically and asymptotically improved upon by the {\it Nudge} scheduling algorithm in case of light-tailed job size distributions. Such improvements are feasible even when the jobs are partitioned into two types and the scheduler only has information about the type of incoming jobs ....
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Practical Aspects on Solving Differential Equations Using Deep Learning: A Primer
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2408.11266v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deep learning is now common across many scientific fields, including the study of partial differential equations. This article provides a brief, accessible introduction to core deep learning concepts, including neural networks, backpropagation, and the universal approximation theorem. It mainly covers how to use deep learning in solving differential equations. The article aims to he....
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arXiv:2410.08150v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We use simple martingale methods to construct a large deviation theory of spin systems with pairwise interactions. As an application, we show that the fully connected case obeys a universal scaling limit that is just a product of magnetisation eigenstates.
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What Leads to Administrative Bloat? A Dynamic Model of Administrative Cost and Waste
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2412.15378v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The functioning of complex systems depends on the coordination of diverse components, often supported by regulatory structures that incur costs. In human organizations, such costs manifest as administrative burden, which has been rising despite often reducing efficiency. Classic explanations point to bureaucrat self-interest or regulation, yet they do not explain variation across or....
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Towards Simple and Provable Parameter-Free Adaptive Gradient Methods
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2412.19444v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Optimization algorithms such as AdaGrad and Adam have significantly advanced the training of deep models by dynamically adjusting the learning rate during the optimization process. However, ad-hoc tuning of learning rates poses a challenge and leads to inefficiencies in practice. To address this issue, recent research has focused on developing ``parameter-free'' algorithms that oper....
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Targeted Data Fusion for Region-Specific Survival Effects in the AMP HIV Prevention Trials
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2501.18798v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials opened a new scientific frontier by showing that passively administered monoclonal broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) could prevent HIV-1 acquisition. Conducted across multiple geographic regions, including the United States, Brazil, Peru, Switzerland, and sub-Saharan Africa, the AMP trials revealed substantial regional heterogeneit....
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arXiv:2504.04856v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We approach the problem of constructing a quantum analogue of the immensely fruitful classical transport cost theory of Monge from a new angle. Going back to the original motivations, by which the transport is a bilinear function of a mass distribution (without loss of generality a probability density) and a transport plan (a stochastic kernel), we explore the quantum version where ....
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Beyond Discreteness: Sample Complexity Analysis of Straight-Through Estimator for 1-bit Quantization
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2505.18113v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Training quantized neural networks requires addressing the non-differentiable and discrete nature of the underlying optimization problem. To tackle this challenge, the straight-through estimator (STE) has become the most widely adopted heuristic, allowing backpropagation through discrete operations by introducing biased yet valid surrogate gradients. However, its theoretical propert....
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Hyperspherical Variational Autoencoders Using Efficient Spherical Cauchy Distribution
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arxiv.org
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1 month ago
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eng
arXiv:2506.21278v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose spherical Cauchy (spCauchy) latent variables for variational autoencoders on hyperspherical latent spaces. The spCauchy family has heavy-tailed global behavior and admits an exact differentiable reparameterization by applying a M\"obius transformation to uniform samples on the sphere. We show that, in the high-concentration limit, spCauchy recovers the local tangent-space....
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