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arXiv:2605.16121v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate involutive, non-combinatorial solutions of the braid equation, viewing them as special deformations of the permutation map. Utilizing these solutions, we identify the associated quantum algebra and introduce it as the $\mathfrak{gl}_{k,m}$ Yangian. This newly derived Yangian is distinct from the known Yangian of the general linear Lie superalgebra; crucially, as a Hopf alge....
arXiv:2605.16564v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Discontinuous coefficient fields arise in many computational physics problems and are often represented as cellwise constant data tied to a given spatial discretization. Such representations are inherently mesh-dependent, requiring interpolation or projection whenever they are transferred to a different discretization. In this work, we develop \emph{Parallel and Adaptive Mesh-Free Approxi....
arXiv:2605.17122v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We generalize the fundamental bounds of Delsarte thesis (1973) on codes of given degree and designs of given strength in the new setting of Bannai et al. (2025). We assume the scheme is weakly metric in the sense of (Sol\'e, 1989). We give upper bounds on the size of codes of given degree, and also on the size of codes with a given number of pairwise distances. Codes meeting these bounds ....
arXiv:2605.17218v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we prove that there exists an absolute constant $g_0$ such that, for every integer $k\ge 3$, every graph $G$ with $\delta(G)\ge k$ and $g(G)\ge g_0$ contains an induced subdivision of $K_{k+1}$. This fully resolves a problem raised by K\"{u}hn and Osthus (originally attributed to Shi), and improves a recent result of Gir\~{a}o and Hunter. Our proof uses some ideas from Gir\..
arXiv:2605.17674v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The first purpose of this paper is to give the fnite transcendence of Frobenius traces for elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ without the assumption of complex multiplication (CM). This result generalizes the previous work by Luca and Zudilin, who obtained similar transcendence results specifically for the CM case. The second purpose is to give the finite transcendence of Frobenius traces ..
arXiv:2605.18426v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Let $F$ be a totally real number field. We prove that a character of the spherical Hecke algebra appearing in the completed cohomology of Hilbert modular varieties is modular if the associated Galois representation is absolutely irreducible, and de Rham of regular parallel weights. As an application, we prove some new cases of the Langlands-Clozel-Fontaine-Mazur conjecture of $\mathrm{GL}..
arXiv:2605.18528v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A growing lesson from neural network optimization is that optimizer design should respect how the model is parametrized. Scale-invariant methods become important because their normalized layerwise updates can not only support hyperparameter transfer across model sizes but exploit input-output matrix norm geometry. At the same time, stochastic gradient noises in deep learning are often far....
arXiv:2605.18694v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Many tasks in modern machine learning are observed to involve heavy-tailed gradient noise during the optimization process. To manage this realistic and challenging setting, new mechanisms, such as gradient clipping and gradient normalization, have been introduced to ensure the convergence of first-order algorithms. However, adaptive gradient methods, a famous class of modern optimizers th..
arXiv:2605.18924v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We prove, and mechanize in Rocq, an abstract obstruction theorem for closure predicates $C : \mathsf{Form} \to \mathsf{Prop}$ over the closed implication-falsity fragment $A,B ::= \bot \mid A \to B$. Evaluation completeness, $\mathsf{Eval}(C)$, says that every formula-valued behavior of codes is represented up to closure equivalence, where $A \simeq_C B$ abbreviates $C(A \to B) \land C(B ....
arXiv:2605.19097v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we discuss some topological properties of the graph-directed iterated function system (GDIFS) of injective contractions. Further, we establish the existence of a Lipschitz bijection between two different bi-Lipschitz graph-directed attractors. In general, two different bi-Lipschitz graph-directed attractors defined on the same graph need not be bi-Lipschitz equivalent. Howe..
arXiv:2605.19709v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A long-standing assumption in the literature on switched linear systems is that static, homogeneous of degree one feedbacks form the most general class of controllers necessary and sufficient for stabilization. In this paper, we provide a rigorous justification. More specifically, we prove by construction that if a switched linear system admits a stabilizing full-information controller, w..
arXiv:2605.19896v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Monitoring the integrity of elastic structures using ultrasonic waves requires the efficient identification of material parameters from measured surface displacements. The displacement field is governed by Cauchy's equation of motion, i.e., an elastic wave equation. Consequently, defect localization leads to a high-dimensional spatial parameter identification problem for a hyperbolic syst....
arXiv:2605.19914v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper develops a time-inconsistent and path-dependent singular control framework incorporating a running minimum process. We derive a verification theorem that characterizes equilibria under substantially weaker regularity conditions than those imposed in the existing literature, and we obtain a stronger notion of equilibrium by enlarging the class of feasible perturbations. We first....
arXiv:2605.20039v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We give a complete constructive description of all finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras of smooth vector fields in three variables, including intransitive algebras. The description is organized by the rank and dimension of the center, which serves as the key invariant. Since every nonabelian solvable algebra lives in the normalizer of a nilpotent algebra, our normal forms provide the..
arXiv:2605.20629v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In recent work (Forum Math. Sigma, 2024), we established a correspondence between MAT-labeled graphs arising from hyperplane arrangements and regular vines from probability theory. In this paper, we extend this connection to Arrow's single-peaked domains in social choice theory. We show that MAT-labeled complete graphs, regular vines, and maximal Arrow's single-peaked domains arise from t....
arXiv:2605.20860v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Let $K$ be a totally real number field of odd degree in which $2$ is inert. Let $l \geq 5$ be a prime with $l \nmid [K:\mathbb{Q}]$ and $\gcd(\frac{l-1}{2}, [K:\mathbb{Q}])=1$. We prove that if $2$ is inert in $K$, $l$ is non-Wieferich, i.e., $2^{l-1} \not\equiv 1 \pmod{l^2}$, and $l$ is totally ramified in $K$, then the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem holds over each $n$-th layer $K_{n,....
arXiv:2605.20945v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A group is self-simulable if all its computable actions admit SFT covers, which means roughly that they can be implemented with finitely many tiling constraints. We prove that a graph product of infinite finitely-generated groups is self-simulable if and only if its defining graph has no disconnecting clique consisting of amenable groups. In particular, a right-angled Artin group (a.k.a.\..
arXiv:2605.21450v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Holland-Simpson thin-wire finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of obliquely oriented closed-loop antennas exhibit persistent low-frequency parasitic currents because the current-deposition operator fails to conserve charge. This deposition operator, together with an interpolation operator that samples the tangential electric field along the wire, can be realized as regularizat....
arXiv:2605.21769v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate the finite-time blow-up of solutions to a Tricomi-type equation with scale-invariant potential and power nonlinearities in the oscillatory regime. For smooth, compactly supported, nonnegative initial data, we prove nonexistence of global-in-time solutions when the power nonlinearity lies below the positive root of an explicit Strauss-type polynomial naturally associated wit....
arXiv:2605.22652v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study inequalities between integer-valued knot invariants arising from classical knot theory, four-dimensional topology, knot homologies, and knot polynomials. We present a directed graph consisting of 46 inequalities between 33 knot invariants. Using these inequalities together with parity constraints, we construct and propagate a database NewDB, for knots up to 13 crossings, extendin..
arXiv:2605.22745v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We develop a first and second fundamental theorem for $n$--tuples of bosonic and fermionic matrices, by developing graded analogues of the classical case.
arXiv:2605.24148v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We address a new case of the Harris-Viehmann conjecture, which establishes a parabolic induction formula on the cohomology groups associated to non-basic local Shimura data. It follows that all supercuspidal representations on a Shimura variety are concentrated along the basic locus, making the conjecture relevant to the Langlands program. Historically, many cases of the Harris-Viehmann c..
arXiv:2605.24349v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper studies generalized P\'olya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent. We establish a sharp threshold governing the transition from low-dimensional algebraic flexibility to higher-dimensional combinatorial rigidity. For $n \ge 3$ and $q \ne \pm 1$, we prove that the $q$-permanent is not linearly convertible to the determinant or permanent. Conversely, we completely classify the....
arXiv:2605.24511v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pipedreams and bumpless pipedreams are two combinatorial models that compute double Grothendieck polynomials. While studying matrix Schubert varieties, Pechen Pipedreams and marked bumpless pipedreams are two combinatorial models that compute double Grothendieck polynomials. While studying matrix Schubert varieties, Pechenik, Speyer, and Weigandt defined the Rajchgot code, denoted by $\ma..
arXiv:2605.25037v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Given $s\in(1,2]$, define $$H_s[0,1]=\{f\in C[0,1]:{\dim}_HG_f([0,1])=s\}$$ and $$\overline{B}_s[0,1]=\{f\in C[0,1]:\overline{{\dim}}_BG_f([0,1])=s\}.$$ The main goal of this paper is to study the $(\alpha,\beta)$-lineability/spaceability of the sets $H_s[0,1]$ and $\overline{B}_s[0,1]$. As a principal result, we prove that $H_s[0,1]$ is $(p,\mathfrak{c})$-spaceable for $p=1,2$ and also $..
arXiv:2605.25097v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we prove that weak solutions to the 2D viscous and resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are non-unique in $L^2_t L^p(\mathbb{R}^2) \cap L^1_t W^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for given any $1\le p<\infty$, showing the sharpness of the Ladyzhenskaya--Prodi--Serrin condition at the endpoint $(2,\infty)$ and the solutions live on the borderline of the Beale--Kato--Majda criteri..
arXiv:2605.25637v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study sharp weighted Sobolev-type inequalities of the form\[ \int_{0}^{1}|u(x)|\rho(x) \,\mathrm{d}x \leqslant \Lambda \Bigl(\int_{0}^{1}|u^{(k)}(x)|^2 \,\mathrm{d}x \Bigr)^{1/2}, \qquad u\in H_0^k(0,1), \]where $\rho$ is a non-negative weight. We characterize the minimizers and identify the optimal constant $\Lambda(k,\rho)$ by showing that every minimizer has a constant sign and..
arXiv:2605.25666v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Motivated by the recent approach of Milman, Shabelman, and Yehudayoff \cite{MilmanShabelmanYehudayoff2025}, we establish, for $p>1$, a complete characterization of the fixed points of the composition of the $L_p$-centroid operator and the polar $L_p$-projection operator. More precisely, for $p>1$, we prove that if a convex body $K \in \mathcal{K}_o^n$ satisfies \[ \Gamma_p \Pi_p^* K = cK ....
arXiv:2605.26439v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This note studies the 1D stochastic heat equation driven by a one-dimensional Brownian motion. We prove that the associated Markov process satisfies the strong Feller property under mild non-degeneracy conditions. The approach combines Malliavin calculus with the moment method from PDE control theory.
arXiv:2605.26775v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We generalize and prove the recursive relation \[ S_{\lambda}(V) = \sum_{L\subseteq V\text{ line}} S_{\lambda}(V \mathbin{/\mkern-5mu/} L) \] conjectured by I. G. Macdonald for his "7th variation" of the Schur functions. This variation is a family of polynomials over a finite field that mimic the (straight and skew) Schur polynomials using powers of the Frobenius.
arXiv:2605.26846v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We begin with the observation that the signed generalized Stirling polynomials $P_k(m,x)$, which occur in a generalization of Malmsten's integral, reduce to the falling factorials when $k=m$. The structure of these generalized Stirling polynomials is then used to obtain recurrence relations, gamma--polygamma formulas for the polynomials $P_{m-s}(m,x)$, a more transparent proof of a vanish....
arXiv:2605.26963v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Absolutely indecomposable vector bundle and parabolic vector bundles are well-studied via quiver representations. In this paper, we study absolutely indecomposable quasi-parabolic $G$-bundles over $\mathbb{P}^1$ with generic additive character varieties. Furthermore, we give a geometric interpretation of the multiplicity of the tensor product of irreducible characters of finite reductive ..
arXiv:2605.27302v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Our aim is to study matrix polynomials over max-algebras and their growth in terms of max-induced seminorms. In particular, we compare the set growth of a bounded family $\Psi$ of matrix polynomials, measured in terms of the seminorms $\eta_{\|\cdot\|}$ and $\hat{\eta}_{\|\cdot\|}$ with the induced joint spectral radius of the coefficient pool $\Psi_0$ of the matrix polynomials. Dynamics ..
arXiv:2605.28002v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Although irregular vectors for the Virasoro algebra are widely used in modern mathematical physics, a rigorous existence and uniqueness theorem in arbitrary rank has not been available in the literature. In this paper, we develop an algebraic framework, based on Virasoro differential operators on the parameter space, which gives such a theorem for arbitrary integer and half-integer ranks.....
arXiv:2605.28503v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We consider interpolation-based derivative-free optimization in settings where only some derivatives are available. Such situations arise in scientific computing applications involving simulations, adjoint-enabled components, legacy software, or partially differentiable models. We introduce a Birkhoff interpolation framework that permits arbitrary patterns of derivative availability and e....
arXiv:2605.28970v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this article, we study mixed Killing vector fields, defined by the condition $L_V L_V g = f\,L_V g$, on Cigar Ricci--Bourguignon solitons. While conformal vector fields are always mixed Killing, the converse fails in flat and open cylinders with base manifold geometries, where the mixed Killing class is infinite-dimensional. We establish a rigidity phenomenon for Cigar Ricci--Bourguign....
arXiv:2605.29553v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We determine the sharp threshold for Hamilton cycles in randomly perturbed sparse graphs. For any $\alpha=\alpha(n)=o(1)$, let $G_{\alpha}$ be an $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree $\delta(G_{\alpha})\ge\alpha n$. We prove that if $$p\ge(1+\varepsilon)\frac{\log(1/\alpha)}{n},$$ then the union $G_{\alpha}\cup G(n,p)$ is Hamiltonian asymptotically almost surely. This significantly streng..
arXiv:2605.30285v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Given a finite abelian group $G$ and a Sylow $p$-subgroup $N_p$, we prove that the $KU_G/p$-local sphere spectrum is equivalent to the homotopy fixed points of a $p$-complete $KO_{N_p}$-module spectrum. Then we compute the $\mathbb{Z}$-graded homotopy Mackey functors of the $KU_G$-local sphere spectrum. This result generalizes the computation of arXiv:2303.12271 for finite $p$-groups, whe..
arXiv:2605.30379v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the convolution product of matrix-valued sequences and its role in the computation of Markov renewal equations. Explicit representations and recursive formulae for the convolutional inverse are derived and used to construct FFT-accelerated convolution and Newton-type inversion schemes, together with a Gauss--Jordan alternative in truncated power-series rings. The proposed framewo..
arXiv:2605.30823v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We prove interior $C^{2}$ regularity result for convex viscosity solutions of the quadratic Hessian equation $\sigma_2(D^2u) = f(x)$, under the assumption that $f\in C^{0,1}$ with $\inf f>0$. The result is almost sharp: if $f$ are merely continuous, there exist convex viscosity solutions that fail to be $C^{1,1}$. When $f\in C^{\alpha}$ for some $\alpha\in (0,1)$, the corresponding interi..
arXiv:2605.30845v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Model-based derivative-free trust-region methods build local interpolation models and restrict trial steps to regions where those models are reliable. This paper studies the shape of that region. When an objective is poorly scaled or locally anisotropic, a Euclidean ball can be governed by the steepest local direction and can restrict progress along directions of slow variation. We propos....
arXiv:2605.30921v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We consider an incompressible Navier--Stokes system nonlinearly coupled with a conserved Allen--Cahn equation with a singular potential (e.g., of Flory--Huggins type). This model describes a mass-conserving two-phase flow with constant density and non-constant viscosity. First, in three spatial dimensions, we prove the existence and uniqueness of local-in-time strong solutions to the asso....
arXiv:1708.08723v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study straight-line drawings of graphs where the vertices are placed in convex position in the plane, i.e., \emph{convex drawings}. We consider two families of graph classes with convex drawings: \emph{outer $k$-planar} graphs, where each edge is crossed by at most $k$ other edges; and \emph{outer $k$-quasi-planar} graphs, where no $k$ edges can mutually cross. We show that the ....
arXiv:2211.04697v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Sensitivity analysis for the unconfoundedness assumption is crucial in observational studies. For this purpose, the marginal sensitivity model gained popularity recently due to good interpretability and mathematical properties. However, most existing models only consider a worst-case parameter that bounds the logit difference between the observed and full data propensity scores, whi....
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